![]() ![]() Weather – Environmental conditions can lead to changes in driver behavior that affect traffic flow.Delays caused by work zones have been cited by travelers as one of the most frustrating conditions they encounter on trips. These changes may include a reduction in the number or width of travel lanes, lane "shifts," lane diversions, reduction, or elimination of shoulders, and even temporary roadway closures. Work Zones – Are construction activities on the roadway that result in physical changes to the highway environment.Even incidents off of the roadway (a fire in a building next to a highway) can be considered traffic incidents if they affect travel in the travel lanes. ![]() In addition to blocking travel lanes physically, events that occur on the shoulder or roadside can also influence traffic flow by distracting drivers, leading to changes in driver behavior and ultimately degrading the quality of traffic flow. Events such as vehicular crashes, breakdowns, and debris in travel lanes are the most common form of incidents. Traffic Incidents – Are events that disrupt the normal flow of traffic, usually by physical impedance in the travel lanes.5 These "seven sources" can be grouped into three broad categories, as shown below: Category 1 - Traffic-Influencing Events Previous work has shown that congestion is the result of seven root causes, often interacting with one another. 2.2ĜAUSES OF CONGESTION AND UNRELIABLE TRAVEL 2.2.1 Background: The Seven Sources of Congestion The rest of this chapter is devoted to describing congestion and how we measure it, as well as its causes and consequences. Congestion often means stopped or stop-and-go traffic. In the transportation realm, congestion usually relates to an excess of vehicles on a portion of roadway at a particular time resulting in speeds that are slower-sometimes much slower-than normal or "free flow" speeds. The definitions of the term congestion mention such words as "clog," "impede," and "excessive fullness." For anyone who has ever sat in congested traffic, those words should sound familiar. Trends and Advanced Strategies for Congestion MitigationĢ.0 The Nature of Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Causes, How They Are Measured, and Why They Matter 2.1 WHAT IS CONGESTION?Ĭongestion is relatively easy to recognize-roads filled with cars, trucks, and buses, sidewalks filled with pedestrians. When a fortunate event happens at the right time, we call it good timing.Īnother use of the word timing refers to the recording or observation of how long it takes something to be done, especially some kind of contest, as in The official timekeeper is responsible for the timing of the race.Final report Traffic Congestion and Reliability: For example, when an event outside of anyone’s control simply happens at the wrong time, we describe it as bad timing. Sometimes, though, the timing of something isn’t decided by choice. In general, timing often involves when we choose to do something. Good comedic timing makes things funnier. In acting, timing involves choosing when to say a line or the speed at which to say it. In sports, timing involves actions like moving oneself or the ball at the right moment to gain an advantage or to score. Timing is especially relevant in activities like sports and acting. One of the meanings of time as a verb is to choose the moment or occasion to do something, as in She timed that pass perfectly. Timing often means the selection of the exact time or speed at which to do something in order to get the desired or best result. ![]()
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